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Earth Tones opens on April 22, 2026! Please view our catalog for a complete list of our native plants with pricing and sizes:
Light Exposure Key:
○ - Full Sun
◐ - Part Sun/Part Shade
● - Full Shade
[To search for a specific keyword, plant property or native tree, shrub or vine listed on this page, use Command ⌘ + F on a Mac or Control + F on a PC, type the word(s) to find & press 'enter']
Native Trees / Shrubs / Vines (alphabetical by botanical name)
A
Acer negundo (Box Elder) ○ Moist to Average
Height: 30-60 feet
Exposure: Full/Partial Sun
Blooms: Spring
Fruit: Brown Samaras
Flower: Green Yellow
Soil: Moist to Wet; Adaptable
This maple is drought tolerant and quick growing. Its seeds are a food source for birds and squirrels. It is a dioecious tree.
Acer pensylvanicum (Striped Maple) ◐ Average
Height: 15-30 feet
Exposure: Partial Sun/Shade
Blooms: Spring
Flower: Yellow
Soil: Moist; Acidic; Cool
This tree has a striking yellow fall color. Its striped bark is very showy.
Acer rubrum (Red Maple) ◐ Moist to Average
Height: 40-60 feet
Exposure: Sun/Partial Shade
Blooms: Early Spring
Flower: Small; Red
Soil: Moist
This is one of the first trees to show its fall colors! Naturally occurs in low, wet sites. Easy to transplant.
Acer saccharinum (Silver Maple) ○-◐ Moist
Height: 50-70 feet
Exposure: Sun/Partial Shade
Blooms: Early Spring
Flower: Greenish Yellow/Red
Soil: Moist; Well-drained
The delicate, graceful foliage of this tree make it an attractive ornamental. It can tolerate poor soils.
Acer spicatum (Mountain Maple) ○-◐ Moist
Height: 10 - 20 feet
Exposure: Partial Sun/Shade
Blooms: Spring
Fall Color: Orange/Yellow
Flower: Yellow "spikes"
Soil: Moist; Well-drained; Rich
Small understory tree. Gorgeous Fall color!
Alnus incana (Speckled Alder) ○-◐ Moist to Average
Height: 10-20 feet
Exposure: Sun/Partial Shade
Blooms: Spring
Fruit: Egg-shaped cone nutlets
Flowers: Reddish Catkins
Soil: Moist to Wet
This fast-growing shrub provides seeds for songbirds such as the American Goldfinch. A great option for wetland restoration sites since Alders fix nitrogen in the soil.
Alnus serrrulata (Smooth Alder) ○≠◐ Moist to Average
Height: 10-15 feet
Exposure: Partial Shade/ Full Sun
Blooms: Spring
Soil: Moist, Wet Soil
Flowers: Catkins in spring
Fruit: Small cones on female plants in fall
Alders are nitrogen fixers; they restore nutrients into soils. This makes this shrub a great choice for restoration plantings.
Amelanchier canadensis (Serviceberry) ○-◐ Moist to Average
Height: 15-30 feet
Exposure: Sun/Partial Shade
Blooms: Spring
Berries: Purple
Flowers: White
Soil: Well-drained
This large shrub is the first to flower in the Spring. Its berries are edible and attract all types of birds; they are a favorite snack of the Cedar waxwing.
Amelanchier laevis (Allegheny Serviceberry) ○-◐ Moist to Average
Height: 15-25 feet
Exposure: Partial Shade/ Full Sun
Blooms: Spring
Flower: White
Soil: Well-drained; Adaptable
Host Plant for Red-Spotted Purple and Viceroy. Important early season nectar source for pollinators.
Amelanchier spicata (Dwarf Serviceberry) ○ Moist to Average
Height: 4-6 feet
Exposure: Sun/Partial Shade
Blooms: Spring
Berries: Purple
Flower: White
Soil: Well-drained; Acidic; Moist
A beautiful flowering shrub with gorgeous red fall foliage. Birds love the berries!
Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (Bearberry/Kinickinick) ○ Dry
Height: 3-8 inches
Exposure: Full/Partial Sun
Blooms: Spring
Berries: Red
Flower: White/Pink
Soil: Dry; Sandy
This evergreen groundcover flourishes in the worst soils!
Aronia arbutifolia (Red Chokeberry) ○-◐ Moist to Average
Height: 6-12 feet
Exposure: Sun/Partial Shade
Blooms: Spring
Berries: Red
Flower: White
Soil: Dry to Moist; Adaptable
Excellent crimson fall foliage color with purple highlights! Attract birds with its fruit.
Aronia melanocarpa (Black Chokeberry) ○-◐ Moist to Average
Height: 2-6 feet
Exposure: Sun/Partial Shade
Blooms: Spring
Berries: Bluish-Black
Flower: White/Pink
Soil: Moist; Well-drained
This shrub has pretty flowers in the Spring, edible berries in the Summer and beautiful red foliage in the Fall.
Asimina triloba (Pawpaw) ○-◐ Moist to Average
Height: 15-20 feet
Exposure: Full Sun to Full Shade
Blooms: Spring
Soil: Moist, Rich Soils
Flowers: Small Deep Purple/Red
Fruit has a custard/banana consistency and flavor. Has beautiful yellow foliage in the fall.
B
Baccharis halimifolia (Groundsel Bush) ○-◐ Moist
Height: 6-12 feet
Exposure: Full Sun to Part Shade
Blooms: Spring
Soil: Dry, Sandy
Flowers: White Flowers
Salt-tolerant, can be used in coastal plantings. This plant is dioecious and will have male/female flowers on separate plants. Only the female plants will produce berries.
Benthamidia (Cornus) florida (Flowering Dogwood)○-◐ Average
Height: 20-30 feet
Exposure: Sun/Partial Shade
Blooms: Spring
Fruit: Red
Flower: White
Soil: Moist; Well Drained
This small tree is covered with white blooms in the spring. Later in the season birds will eat its shiny, red fruit.
Betula alleghaniensis (Yellow Birch) ○-◐ Moist to Average
Height: 60-75 feet
Exposure: Full Sun
Blooms: Spring
Flower: Greenish Catkins
Soil: Cool; Moist
This tree's bark is a showy peeling amber color! Beautiful yellow fall color!
Betula papyrifera (Paper Birch) ○ Moist to Average
Height: 50-70 feet
Exposure: Sun/Partial Shade
Blooms: Spring
Fall Color: Yellow
Flower: Green Catkins
Soil: Moist, Well-Drained
This cold tolerant birch has ornamental bark and nice golden fall color. This tree has white bark that peels off into papery sheets. Birches are a larval host for the Luna Moth.
Betula populifolia (Gray Birch) ○ Average to Dry
Height: 20-40 feet
Exposure: Part Sun/Shade
Blooms: Spring
Fruit: Small Nutlets
Flower: Inconspicuous Catkins
Soil: Poor; Sandy; Adaptable
Great choice for difficult sites or naturalization areas. Pretty yellow fall color! Grows rapidly.
C
Carpinus caroliniana (Ironwood/Blue Beech) ◐-● Moist to Average
Height: 20-35 feet
Exposure: Full/Partial Shade
Blooms: Early Spring
Flower: White (F)/Green (M)
Soil: Moist, Well-drained
The small tree is beautiful in all seasons. It has attractive flowers that appear in spring in separate male and female catkins, with the female catkins giving way to distinctive clusters of winged nutlets.
Ceanothus americanus (New Jersey Tea) ○-◐ Average to Dry
Height: 2-4 feet
Exposure: Sun/Partial Shade
Blooms: Summer
Fruit: Brown
Flower: White
Soil: Well-drained; Sandy
Its flowers attract butterflies and hummingbirds. Turkey and quail eat its seeds. Larval Host plant for Spring Azure.
Celtis occidentalis (Hackberry) ○-◐ Moist
Height: 40-60 feet
Exposure: Full Sun/Part Sun
Blooms: Spring
Fruit: Purple Berries
Flower: Green
Soil: Moist; Well-drained
This tree is very hardy and can tolerate a range of sites. It also produces tons of edible berries that many birds enjoy!
Cephalanthus occidentalis (Buttonbush) ○-◐ Moist
Height: 5-12 feet
Exposure: Sun/Partial Sun
Blooms: Summer
Flower: White
Soil: Moist to Wet
This shrub has unique round pom-pom flowers! It flourishes along ponds and stream banks. Great for butterflies!
Cercis canadensis (Eastern Redbud) ◐-○ Average
Height: 15-30 feet
Exposure: Sun/Partial Shade
Blooms: Early Spring
Fruit: Green/Black Seed Pods
Flower: Pink/Purple
Soil: Well-drained; Moist; Rich
Flowers bloom early spring before the heart-shaped leaves emerge. 12 species of Lepidotera use this as a larval host plant.
Chamaecyparis thyoides (Atlantic White Cedar) ○ Moist
Height: 40-60 feet
Width: 10-20 feet
Exposure: Full Sun
Blooms: Spring
Fruit: Small Brown Cones in fall
Flower: Inconspicuous Red/Green
Soil: Moist; Sandy
This evergreen occurs naturally in swamps and bogs. It is the larval host plant for the Hessel's Hairstreak.
Chamaedaphne calyculata (Leatherleaf) ○-◐ Moist
Height: 1-5 feet
Exposure: Sun/Partial Shade
Blooms: Spring
Berries: Reddish/Late Summer
Flower: White
Soil: Wet, Acidic
A true bog species, this evergreen produces bell-shaped white flowers in the Spring.
Chionanthus virginicus (Fringe Tree) ○-◐ Moist to Average
Height: 12-20 feet
Exposure: Sun/Partial Shade
Blooms: Spring
Berries: Bluish-Black
Flower: White
Soil: Rich; Moist; Well-drained
This shrub has amazing fragrant flowers in the spring! Birds and wildlife eat its fruit.
Clematis virginiana (Virgin's Bower) ◐-○ Moist to Average
Height: 15-20 feet-tall, 3-6 feet-wide vine
Exposure: Part Sun/Shade
Blooms: Summer
Flower: White
Soil: Moist to Average
Foliage can provide cover and nesting for songbirds.
Clethra alnifolia (Summersweet) ○-◐ Moist to Average
Height: 5-8 feet
Exposure: Full/Part Sun
Blooms: Summer
Berries: Brown Fruit Capsules
Flower: White
Soil: Moist to Wet; Acidic
This shrub has beautiful fragrant white flowers in the Summer! When in bloom, it is a bee and butterfly magnet.
Comptonia peregrina (Sweetfern) ○-◐ Average to Dry
Common Name: Sweet Fern
Botanical Name: Comptonia peregrina
Height: 2-4 feet
Exposure: Sun/Partial Shade
Blooms: Spring
Flower: Yellow-Green; Non-showy
Soil: Well-drained; Acidic; Sandy
This mound-shaped shrub has dark green, fern-like foliage that is aromatic when crushed.
Corylus americana (American Hazelnut) ◐-○ Average
Height: 8-10 feet
Exposure: Sun/Partial Shade
Blooms: Spring
Berries: Light Brown Nuts
Flower: Red
Soil: Moist, Rich, Well-drained
This shrub has edible nuts that birds and squirrels love to eat!
Corylus cornuta (Beaked Hazelnut) ◐ Moist to Average
Height: 5-12 feet
Exposure: Full Sun/Partial Shade
Blooms: May
Berries: Brown Nuts
Flower: Yellow
Soil: Well-drained
This shrub produces edible nuts in the fall that squirrels as well as people enjoy!
D
Dasiphora floribunda (Potentilla fruticosa) (Yellow Cinquefoil) ○-◐ Average
Height: 1-4 feet
Exposure: Full Sun
Blooms: Summer
Flower: Yellow
Soil: Dry; Adaptable
This shrub's yellow buttercup flowers start blooming in the summer and will last until the frost. It has a nice, rounded shape.
Diervilla lonicera (Northern Bush Honeysuckle) ◐ Moist to Average
Height: 1- 2 feet
Exposure: Sun/Partial Shade
Blooms: Early Summer
Berries: Dry, Woody Capsule
Flower: Yellow/Red
Soil: Sandy; Dry; Well-drained
This low-growing shrub has pretty bronze-green foliage. It tolerates windy conditions.
Diospyros virginiana (Persimmon) ○-◐ Moist to Average
Height: 35-60 feet
Exposure: Full Sun to Part Shade
Blooms: Late Spring
Fruit: Orange
Flower: Greenish Yellow Flowers
Soil: Average, Well-drained
Fruits are commonly used in syrups, jellies, ice cream or pies.
G
Gaylussacia baccata (Black Huckleberry) _____________
Height: 1-4 feet
Exposure: Full Sun/ Part Shade
Blooms: Spring
Fruit: Edible Purple/Black Berries in Fall
Soil: Dry, Well-drained
Berries on this shrub are enjoyable by all sorts of wildlife. Beautiful red color in the Fall.
H
Hamamelis virginiana (Witchhazel) ◐ Moist to Average
Height: 10-30 feet
Exposure: Sun/Partial Shade
Blooms: Late Fall
Fruit: Brown Seed Capsule
Flower: Yellow
Soil: Moist; Acidic; Cool
The spider-like flowers have crinkled petals and a spicy fragrance! Fall blooms provide a late season nectar source.
Hydrangea arborescens (Wild Hydrangea) ◐ Average
Height: 4-6 feet
Exposure: Part Sun
Blooms: Summer
Flower: White Flowers
Soil: Well-drained, Average/ Adaptable
This quick-growing shrub would be great in a mixed shrub border. Host plant to the Hydrangea sphinx.
Hypericum prolificum (Shrubby St. John's Wort) ○-◐ Moist to Dry
Height: 1-4 feet
Exposure: Sun/Partial Shade
Blooms: Early Summer
Fruit: Cone-shaped Seed Capsules
Flower: Yellow
Soil: Well-drained; Adaptable
This shrub's older stems exfoliate to reveal pale orange or reddish-purple inner bark.
I
Ilex glabra (Inkberry) ___________________
Height: 4-8 feet
Exposure: Sun/Partial Shade
Blooms: Late Spring
Berries: Black
Flower: White
Soil: Moist; Acidic
Related to Holly, this evergreen grows well by foundations and makes a nice border shrub.
Ilex glabra 'Shamrock' (Dwarf Inkberry) ○ Average
Height: 3-5 feet
Exposure: Full/Partial Sun
Blooms: Spring
Berries: Black
Flower: White
Soil: Moist; Well-drained
A compact, rounded cultivar of the evergreen holly family. Excellent for borders, foundations and hedges.
Ilex laevigata (Smooth Winterberry) ___________________
Height: 8-10 feet
Exposure: Full Sun/ Part Shade
Blooms: Spring
Flower: Small White Flowers
Fruit: Red Berries on Females plants in Fall
Soil: Moist, Wet, Acidic Soil
A favorite winter snack for birds! Great shrub for all seasons.
Ilex opaca (American Holly) ○-◐ Average
Height: 15-30 feet
Exposure: Full Sun
Blooms: Spring
Berries: Red
Flower: White
Soil: Moist, Well-Drained
This Holly is an evergreen tree that is Dioecious [male and female flowers are on separate trees]; Need a male and female plant to get berries.
Ilex verticillata (Winterberry) ○-◐ Moist to Average
Height: 6-15 feet
Exposure: Sun/Partial Shade
Blooms: Early Summer
Fruit: Red Berries/Dioecious
Flowers: White
Soil: Well-drained to Wet
The berry-laden stems of this shrub can be cut to make a dramatic and long-lasting decorative indoor winter arrangement. This shrub is dioecious; male and female plant needed for berry production (look for pink/blue tags to determine the sex).
J
Juniperus communis (Common Juniper) ○-◐ Average to Dry
Height: 5-10 feet
Exposure: Full Sun
Fruit: Purple/Blue Berry-like Cones
Soil: Adaptable; Tolerates Poor Soil
The cones are used to flavor sauces and meats and are what give gin its distinctive flavor! Dioecious: Need a male and female plant to get berries.
Juniperus virginiana (Eastern Red Cedar) ○ Average to Dry
Height: 25-30 feet
Exposure: Full Sun
Berries: Dark Blue/ Dioecious
Soil: Dry; Well-drained
This tree can handle poor soils and is evergreen. Cedar Waxwings love its fruit and Chickadees use the tree for winter cover.
K
Kalmia angustifolia (Sheep Laurel) ◐ Moist
Height: 1-3 feet
Exposure: Sun/Partial Shade
Blooms: Late Spring
Berries: Brown
Flower: Pink
Soil: Moist to Wet; Acidic
This shrub has narrow, leathery foliage and brilliant blooms with a distinctive cup shape.
Kalmia latifolia (Mountain Laurel) ◐ Average
Height: 8-10 feet
Exposure: Open Shade
Blooms: Late Spring
Flower: White to Pink
Soil: Acidic, humusy, woodland soils
Connecticut's state flower! This shrub flowers best in sunnier locations.
L
Larix laricina (Eastern Larch) ○ Moist to Average
Height: 50-80 feet
Exposure: Full/Partial Sun
Blooms: Spring
Fruit: Red/Brown Egg-shaped Cones
Flower: Tiny Yellow (male) Red/Brown (female)
Soil: Moist, Acidic
This deciduous conifer turns golden yellow before losing its needles in the Fall.
Lindera benzoin (Spicebush) ◐-● Moist to Average
Height: 6-12 feet
Exposure: Partial Sun/Full Shade
Blooms: Early Spring
Fruit: Red berry drupes (female)
Flower: Greenish-Yellow
Soil: Well-drained; Moist; Adaptable
Early flowers are nectaring source, berries consumed by many birds, host plant to Spicebush Swallowtail.
Lonicera dioica (Wild Honeysuckle) ◐ Average to Dry
Height: 3-9 Feet
Exposure: Part Sun
Blooms: Early Summer
Fruit: Red berries
Flower: Red/Yellow
Soil: Average
This vine-like shrub attracts hummingbirds. Other birds eat its berries.
Lonicera sempervirens (Trumpet Honeysuckle) ○-◐ Average
Height: 10-20 feet
Exposure: Sun/Partial Shade
Blooms: Spring
Fruit: Red Berries
Flower: Coral
Soil: Moist
This long-blooming vine attracts hummingbirds. It looks terrific growing up a fence or used as an arbor.
M
Magnolia virginiana (Sweet Bay Magnolia) ○-◐ Moist to Average
Height: 15-20 feet
Exposure: Full Sun/Part Sun
Blooms: Spring
Flower: White Flowers
Soil: Moist, Rich
Fruit: Bright Red in Fall
This tree can tolerate very wet soil conditions, which is why it's also called swamp magnolia. Larval host for Sweetbay silkmoth.
Morella caroliniensis (Northern Bayberry) ○ Average to Dry
Height: 5-10 feet
Exposure: Sun/Partial Shade
Blooms: Early Spring
Fruit: Waxy, Gray Berries
Flower: Nonshowy Yellow-Green Catkins
Soil: Moist; Acidic; Peaty or Sandy; Well-drained
The aromatic berries are used to make soap and candles! This shrub is dioecious; a male and female plant are needed to produce berries.
Myrica gale (Sweetgale) ○ Moist
Height: 2-4 feet
Exposure: Sun/Partial Shade
Blooms: Early Summer
Fruit: Brown Nut
Flower: Yellow/Green Catkin
Soil: Moist to Wet
The long, dark green/grey leaves of this plant have a sweet scent.
N
Nyssa sylvatica (Black Gum) ○-◐ Moist
Height: 30-50 feet
Exposure: Sun/Partial Shade
Fall Color: Red
Soil: Moist to Wet
A tree with an attractive shape! One of the first trees to change color in the Fall, turning a brilliant red. Perfect as a statement piece in a wet location.
O
Ostrya virginiana (Ironwood) ◐ Average to Dry
Height: 30-50 feet
Exposure: Sun/Partial Shade
Blooms: Spring
Berries: Green to Brown Pod Clusters with Nutlets
Flower: Red to Green Catkins
Soil: Moist to Dry; Slightly Acidic
This understory hardwood tree develops nutlets great for wildlife. Mature trunk takes on a unique "muscle-like" form.
P
Parthenocissus quinquefolia (Virginia Creeper) ◐ Average
Height: 30-50 feet
Exposure: Sun/Partial Shade
Blooms: Late Spring
Fruit: Blue Berries
Flower: Greenish-White
Soil: Moist
This vine makes an excellent ground cover or climber! It has purple-red fall cover.
Philadelphus inodorus (Scentless Mock Orange) ◐ Average
Height: 6-12 feet
Exposure: Part Shade
Blooms: Late Spring
Flower: White
Soil: Rich, Well-drained
Drought-tolerant shrub that is full with bunches of white flowers in the summer.
Physocarpus opulifolius (Common Ninebark) ○-◐ Average
Height: 5-8 feet
Exposure: Sun/Partial Shade
Blooms: Spring
Fruit: Red Seed Capsules
Flower: Whitish-Pink
Soil: Well-drained; Adaptable
Its name is derived from its excessive peeling bark. It is said to have nine layers!
Picea glauca (White Spruce) ○-◐ Average
Height: 40-60 feet
Exposure: Full Sun/Part Sun
Berries: Brown Pinecones
Soil: Moist, Well-Drained
This evergreen tree tolerates cold, wind, and drought well.
Picea mariana (Black Spruce) ○-◐ Moist to Average
Height: 30-40 feet
Exposure: Full Sun/Part Sun
Pinecones: Purple/Brown
Soil: Moist; Well-drained
This evergreen can tolerate swamps, bogs, and ponds. It loves the cold! It has a tight, pyramidal shape if planted in full sun.
Pinus rigida (Pitch Pine) ○ Average to Dry
Height: 40-60 feet
Exposure: Full Sun
Blooms: Spring
Fruit: Brown Pinecones
Flower: Red/Yellow; Monoecious
Soil: Adaptable
This pine has a high resin count in its wood. It tolerates poor soil and is also salt tolerant.
Pinus strobus (Eastern White Pine) ○-◐ Moist to Average
Height: 75-100 feet
Exposure: Full Sun/Partial Shade
Blooms: Spring
Flower: Yellow
Soil: Moist; Acidic; Adaptable; Well-drained
This fast-growing evergreen provides winter cover for wildlife. Cones provide pinenuts rich in fats for
wintering wildlife.
Platanus occidentalis (Sycamore) ○ Moist to Average
Height: 75-90 feet
Exposure: Full Sun
Blooms: Spring
Fruit: Fuzzy, Round, Brown Capsules
Flower: Red; Non-showy
Soil: Well-drained; Moist; Rich
This tree has beautiful exfoliating bark. It is a rapidly growing tree and is one of the largest trees native to New England.
Prunus maritima (Beach Plum) ○ Average to Dry
Height: 4-10 feet
Exposure: Full Sun
Blooms: Late Spring
Fruit: Purple/Yellow
Flower: White
Soil: Sandy; Rocky
This shrub has a nice rounded shape. Tolerates salt well. Its fruit makes delicious jams and jellies!
Prunus serotina (Wild Cherry) ○ Average
Height: 40-60 feet
Exposure: Full Sun
Blooms: Spring
Berries: Dark Red Cherries
Flower: White
Soil: Moist; Fertile
This tree grows fast and lives long! It has beautiful, fragrant flowers in the spring. The birds love the cherries!
Prunus virginiana (Chokecherry) ○-◐ Moist to Average
Height: 6-25 feet
Exposure: Sun/Partial Shade
Blooms: Late Spring
Berries: Dark Red
Flower: White
Soil: Moist
The fruit from this tree is used to make wine, syrup, and jam.
Q
Quercus alba (White Oak) ○ Average to Dry
Height: 60-80 feet
Exposure: Full/Partial Sun
Blooms: Spring
Fruit: Acorn
Flower: Green Catkin (Male)
Soil: Acidic
This oak has purple-red fall color. It has light gray, flaky ornamental bark. It is a long-living tree.
Quercus bicolor (Swamp White Oak) ○-◐ Moist to Average
Height: 50-60 feet
Exposure: Sun/Partial Shade
Blooms: Spring
Berries: Acorns in Fall
Flower: Yellow/Green/Red Catkins
Soil: Moist to Wet; Acidic
This tree has coppery red foliage in the Fall! Attracts birds.
Quercus ilicifolia (Scrub or Bear Oak) ○-◐ Average to Dry
Height: 10-20 Feet
Exposure: Full Sun
Blooms: Spring
Fruit: Brown Acorns
Flower: Monoecious Catkins
Soil: Poor; Sandy; Dry
This drought resistant oak produces acorns that are so bitter only bears eat them! Great Fall color! This small oak only grows a few inches a year.
Quercus rubra (Northern Red Oak) ○ Average
Height: 60-75 feet
Exposure: Full/Partial Sun
Blooms: Spring
Fruit: Acorn
Flower: Yellow-Green Catkins
Soil: Dry to Moist
An excellent ornamental tree due to its symmetrical shape and brilliant fall color. Acorns provide food for wildlife.
Quercus velutina (Black Oak) ____________
Height: 50-60 Feet
Exposure: Full Sun
Blooms: Spring
Fruit: Acorns in Fall
Flower: Female [Red/Green]; Male [Yellow/Green]
Soil: Rich; Well-drained; Acidic
Bark starts out smooth and gray but becomes black and rough as the tree matures. Acorns feed tons of wildlife!
R
Rhododendron maximum (Rosebay Rhododendron) ◐ Moist
Height: 5-15 feet
Exposure: Partial Sun/ Shade
Blooms: Late Spring
Flower: Pink/White
Soil: Acidic, rich, moist, humusy
This evergreen shrub has an open branch structure with large, tropical- looking leaves. Flowers visited by bumblebees.
Rhododendron periclymenoides (Pinxterbloom) _______
Height: 4-8 feet
Exposure: Partial Sun/Shade
Blooms: Spring
Flower: Pink
Soil: Well-Drained, Acidic, Woodland
This shrub has fragrant pink flowers that bloom in spring. Typically found in dry woods and along streams banks.
Rhododendron viscosum (Swamp Azalea) ◐ Moist to Average
Height: 2-8 feet
Exposure: Sun/Partial Shade
Blooms: Spring
Flower: White/Pink
Soil: Moist to Wet
This evergreen shrub likes to grow in swamps or by ponds. Its blooms have a spicy fragrance.
Rhus aromatica (Fragrant Sumac) ○ Average to Dry
Height: 2-6 feet
Exposure: Sun/Partial Shade
Blooms: Spring
Berries: Red
Flower: Yellow
Soil: Well-drained; Average
This low-growing, rambling shrub attracts birds and butterflies with its tiny yellow flowers and red berries. Has beautiful red/orange Fall color.
Rhus copallinum (Shining Sumac) ○-◐ Moist to Average
Height: 7-15 feet
Exposure: Sun/Partial Shade
Blooms: Summer
Berries: Dark Red Clusters
Flower: Yellow/Green
Soil: Dry to Medium; Well-drained
This plant has gorgeous red foliage in the fall!
Rhus glabra (Smooth Sumac) ○-◐ Average to Dry
Height: 9-18 feet
Exposure: Full/Part Sun
Blooms: Spring
Berries: Red
Flower: Yellow/Green
Soil: Well-drained; Rich; Adaptable
This fast growing shrub is native to all 48 contiguous states. Excellent food and cover source for wildlife.
Rhus hirta (Staghorn Sumac) ○ Average to Dry
Height: 15-25 feet
Exposure: Sun/Partial Shade
Blooms: Spring
Fruit: Red
Flower: Yellow-Green
Soil: Dry; Adaptable
This tree has very showy red Fall color. Develops crimson pyramids of seeds that persist into the Winter.
Ribes americanum (Black Currant) ◐ Average to Moist
Height: 3-6 feet
Exposure: Full/Partial Sun/Shade
Blooms: May
Berries: Round; Bluish-black
Flower: Green/Yellow
Soil: Average, Adaptable
Fruit from this shrub can be enjoyed by humans or animals. The berries make a delicious jam!
Rosa blanda (Smooth Rose) ○≠◐ Average to Moist
Height: 2-6 feet
Exposure: Full Sun
Blooms: Summer
Flower: Pink
Soil: Dry
Unlike other native roses, this one is considered to be nearly thornless. Rose hips from this plant are very high in vitamin C!
Rosa carolina (Carolina Rose) ○ Average to Dry
Height: 1-3 feet
Exposure: Full/Partial Sun
Blooms: Late Spring
Fruit: Red Berries
Flower: Pink
Soil: Well-drained; Loamy
The fragrant pink flowers attract butterflies. Many birds also gravitate to this plant.
Rosa nitida (Shining Rose) ◐ Moist
Height: 3-4 feet
Exposure: Full Sun/Part Sun
Blooms: Summer
Flower: Deep Pink
Soil: Moist to Wet
Glossy leaves give this shrub the name 'shining rose.' Special value to bumblebees. Wildlife loves the rosehips off this shrub. [Species of special concern]
Rosa virginiana (Virginia Rose) ○ Average to Dry
Height: 4-6 feet
Exposure: Full/Part Sun
Blooms: Late Spring
Fruit: Red Rose Hips
Flower: Pink/Yellow
Soil: Well-drained
This rose provides food and housing for many birds and small mammals. Its rose hips are edible and are a good source of Vitamin C.
Rubus odoratus (Flowering Raspberry) ○-◐ Average
Height: 3-6 feet
Exposure: Sun/Partial Shade
Blooms: Summer
Berries: Red
Flower: Purplish-Pink
Soil: Average; Well-drained
This shrub attracts birds and butterflies with its edible berries and fragrant, showy flowers.
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Salix discolor (Pussy Willow) ○-◐ Moist to Average
Height: 6-12 feet
Exposure: Sun/Partial Sun
Blooms: Spring
Flower: Fuzzy, Gray Catkin
Soil: Moist to Wet
Cuddly catkins are this shrub's finest feature. It makes a nice group planting and is easily trimmed.
Salix eriocephala (Diamond Willow) ○ Moist
Height: 15-20 feet
Exposure: Sun/Partial Shade
Blooms: Early Spring
Flower: Green
Soil: Moist to Wet
The tough, flexible stems of this fast-growing willow are often used to make baskets.
Salix lucida (Shining Willow) ○-◐ Moist
Height: 15-20 feet
Exposure: Sun/Partial Shade
Blooms: Early Spring
Flower: Yellow/Green
Soil: Moist to Wet
This is considered one of the most attractive of the willows! It has smooth, reddish-brown bark.
Salix nigra (Black Willow) ○≠◐ Moist
Height: 30-60 feet
Exposure: Sun/Partial Shade
Blooms: Late Spring/Summer
Flower: Yellow Green Catkins
Soil: Moist to Wet
This tree has a deep black colored bark. The catkins develop fuzzy, white, cottony seeds.
Salix sericea (Silky Willow) ○-◐ Moist
Height: 15-30 feet
Exposure: Sun/Partial Shade
Blooms: Early Spring
Flower: Green Catkins
Soil: Moist to Wet
This willow has silky, white hairs on the undersides of its leaves.
Sambucus nigra spp. canadensis (Black-berried Elderberry) ○-◐ Moist to Average
Height: 5-12 feet
Exposure: Full/Partial Sun
Blooms: Early Summer
Fruit: Purple Droops
Flower: White
Soil: Moist; Loamy
The berries of this bush are edible and can be made into wine or jams. A quick growing shrub perfect for moist sites.
Sambucus racemosa (Red-berried Elderberry) ○-◐ Average to Dry
Height: 5-12 feet
Exposure: Full Sun/Partial Shade
Blooms: Late Spring
Fruit: Red Berries
Flower: White
Soil: Well-drained; Average
The berries feed a wide variety of birds! Dyes can be made from its bark, berries, and stems.
Sorbus americana (American Mountain Ash) ○-◐ Average to Dry
Height: 10-30 feet
Exposure: Sun/Partial Shade
Blooms: Spring
Berries: Small, Red Pomes
Flower: White Clusters
Soil: Moist
This tree has toothed compound leaves. Its berries can be made into wine!
Spiraea alba (latifolia) (Meadowsweet) ○ Average to Dry
Height: 2-6 feet
Exposure: Full/Partial Sun
Blooms: Summer
Flower: Pale Pink/White
Soil: Moist; Acidic
This shrub attracts many species of butterflies and is an important food and nectar source for them.
Spiraea tomentosa (Steeplebush) ○ Moist to Average
Height: 2-5 feet
Exposure: Full/Partial Sun
Blooms: Summer
Flower: Pink/Rose/Purple
Soil: Moist; Acidic
Long plumes of rosy, purple flowers attract numerous butterflies in the summer.
Staphylea trifolia (Bladdernut) ◐ Moist to Average
Height: 10-20 feet
Exposure: Partial Sun/Shade
Blooms: Spring
Flower: Green/White
Soil: Moist, Peaty, Rich
In the Spring, greenish white nodding flowers adorn this tree. When Fall comes, it produces unusual, inflated, papery seed capsules.
Swida (Cornus) alternifolia (Pagoda Dogwood) ◐-● Moist to Average
Height: 15-25 feet
Exposure: Partial Sun
Blooms: Spring
Fruit: Bluish-Purple Berries
Flower: White
Soil: Moist; Acidic; Adaptable
Nice understory tree with unique horizontal branching pattern. Flowers are good nectar source, berries loved by birds.
Swida (Cornus) amomum (Silky Dogwood) ○-◐ Moist to Average
Height: 6-10 feet
Exposure: Sun/Partial Shade
Blooms: Spring
Fruit: Blue Drupe
Flower: Creamy White
Soil: Moist; Fertile
This fast-growing dogwood is good for difficult sites. It naturalizes well and provides great value for wildlife.
Swida (Cornus) racemosa (Gray Dogwood) ○-◐ Moist to Average
Height: 10-15 feet
Exposure: Sun/Partial Shade
Blooms: Late Spring
Fruit: White
Flower: Creamy White
Soil: Well-drained; Average
This very adaptable shrub provides wildlife food and shelter. It has beautiful reddish-purple Fall color!
Swida (Cornus) sericea (Red Twig Dogwood) ○-◐ Moist to Average
Height: 6-10 feet
Exposure: Sun/Partial Shade
Blooms: Spring
Berries: White to Pale Blue
Flower: White
Soil: Moist; Adaptable
This shrub has bright red stems that persist through the winter. A great option for winter interest in wet sites!
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Taxus canadensis (American Yew) ◐-● Average
Height: 1-4 feet
Exposure: Partial Sun/Full Shade
Blooms: Spring
Berries: Red
Flower: inconspicuous
Soil: Moist, Rich, Well-drained
This low evergreen shrub provides berries for birds, winter cover and browse year round.
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Vaccinium angustifolium (Lowbush Blueberry) ○-◐ Moist to Dry
Height: 6-24 inches
Exposure: Sun/Partial Shade
Blooms: Spring
Berries: Blue
Flower: White
Soil: Moist; Well-drained
This tiny shrub produces tons of delicious berries! It also has excellent bronze-red fall color!
Vaccinium corymbosum (Highbush Blueberry) ○-◐ Moist to Average
Height: 5-8 feet
Exposure: Sun/Partial Shade
Blooms: Spring
Berries: Dark Blue
Flower: White
Soil: Moist; Well-drained; Acidic
The berries are relished by the wildlife! Great for baking, jams, and jellies or just eating!
Viburnum acerifolium (Mapleleaf Viburnum) ◐ Average to Dry
Height: 4-6 feet
Exposure: Part Sun to Shade
Blooms: Late Spring Flower: White
Berries: Round; Purple/black
Soil: Well-drained, Acidic
This open-branched shrub produces beautiful purple-pink foliage in the Fall. Berries late season food source for wildlife.
Viburnum dentatum (Arrowwood Viburnum) ○-◐ Moist to Average
Height: 6-10 feet
Exposure: Sun/Partial Shade
Blooms: Spring
Fruit: Deep Blue
Flower: White
Soil: Moist; Well-drained
White flat-topped flowers give way to deep, dark blue berries that the birds like to eat! The leaves on this shrub turn a deep red color in the Fall.
Viburnum lantanoides (Hobblebush) ◐-● Moist to Average
Height: 4-10 feet
Exposure: Open Shade
Blooms: Spring
Fruit: Red/Black Berries
Flower: White
Soil: Moist to well-drained humus, acidic
The berries start out red then change to a deep purple. Provides for many wildlife species.
Viburnum lentago (Nannyberry) ○-◐ Moist to Average
Height: 15-20 feet
Exposure: Part Shade/Sun
Blooms: Spring
Flower: White
Soil: Moist to Average
This plant is a host for several different moth species including the Hummingbird clearwing.
Viburnum nudum var. cassinoides (Witherod) ◐ Moist to Average
Height: 6-12 feet
Exposure: Partial Sun/Shade
Blooms: Early Summer
Fruit: Red turning to Black
Flower: White
Soil: Moist; Acidic
This viburnum is more tolerant of wet soil conditions than others. Attracts wildlife with its edible berries.
Viburnum opulus (trilobum) (American Cranberry Bush) ○-◐ Moist to Average
Height: 8-12 feet
Exposure: Sun/Partial Shade
Blooms: Late Spring
Berries: Red
Flower: White
Soil: Moist; Well-drained
The fruit from this shrub can be turned into delicious jams and jellies. Has nice Fall color!
Vitis aestivalis (Summer Grape) ○-◐ Average to Dry
Height: 70 feet
Exposure: Full/Part Sun
Blooms: Late Spring
Fruit: Purple Grapes
Flower: Green
Soil: Well-drained; Sandy; Dry
The grapes taste best after the first frost! Dried grapes are great for snacking or using in baked goods.
Vitis labrusca (Fox Grape) ○-◐ Moist to Average
Height: 4-25 feet
Exposure: Sun/Partial Shade
Blooms: Late Spring
Fruit: Blue/Purple
Flower: White
Soil: Moist
The dark blue to purple grapes are edible as are the leaves of this grape vine.
Vitis riparia (River Grape) ◐ Moist to Average
Height: 20-30 feet
Exposure: Partial Shade/ Full Sun
Blooms: Spring
Fruit: Purple/ Black Berries
Soil: Moist, Well-drained
Great source of nutrients for birds and wildlife. Berries are very sour but can be enjoyed once made into wine or jam.
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